A professor of sociology at York University, Blum is now entering his fifth year as the director of the Culture of Cities project, a major research endeavour that explores the "essential rhythms" unique to different cities. The Culture of Cities research centre, located in the vibrant, bustling Annex neighbourhood of downtown Toronto, provides the perfect vantage point for Blum's own work within this larger project.
"When we talk about the culture of a city," says Blum, the noise of traffic audible just outside, "we usually mean its food, fashion, music, architecture – its art. But a city has a rhythm – an identity – that goes deeper than the aesthetic surfaces of a culture. A city has a 'soul' – even a heart of darkness – and this is something researchers can discover because a soul quite palpably marks a city the way a scar or stigma points to its own specific peculiarity, its physiognomy."
But according to Blum, the desire of world cities to look the same drives them all into a spiral where each seeks to distinguish itself by adding whatever every other city has, thus intensifying the very uniformity that each tries to avoid. This results in a kind of dialectical whirlpool where all cities look the same and yet aspire to be special.
Blum also points out that globalization has brought the soul of many cities into sharp relief. Different urban communities, for example, have different thresholds to change, congestion, civility, innovation and trust. New initiatives can push a community's buttons, exposing these thresholds.
"Open a McDonalds or a Starbucks in a seemingly quiet neighbourhood," says Blum, "and you'll quickly learn a lot about that neighbourhood because reactions provide openings for case studies."